Table 3. Clinical spectrum, treatment and outcome of E. coli BSI.
| Description | ESBL-producing E. coli episodes N = 136 n (%) |
Non-ESBL-producing E. coli episodes N = 319 n (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Infection type | ||
| Hospital-acquired | 71(52.2) | 58 (18.2) |
| Community-acquired | 24 (17.7) | 181 (56.7) |
| Healthcare-associated | 41(30.1) | 80 (25.1) |
| Infection site | ||
| BSI with no definable focus | 103 (75.7) | 185 (58.0) |
| UTI/Pyelonephritis | 27 (19.9) | 120 (37.6) |
| Meningitis | 1 (0.7) | 1 (0.3) |
| Septic arthritis/osteomyelitis | 2 (1.5) | 0 |
| Gastroenteritis | 3 (2.2) | 13 (4.1) |
| Empiric antibiotic treatment | ||
| Ampicillin & gentamicin | 15 (11.1) | 51 (16.0) |
| Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid | 2 (1.5) | 26 (8.2) |
| Ceftriaxone or cefotaxime | 48 (35.3) | 180 (56.4) |
| Piperacillin-tazobactam & amikacin | 49 (36.0) | 44 (13.8) |
| Ciprofloxacin | 22 (16.2) | 18 (5.6) |
| Definitive antibiotic treatment | ||
| Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid | 0 | 11 (3.4) |
| Ceftriaxone or cefotaxime | 0 | 182 (57.1) |
| Gentamicin | 0 | 30 (9.4) |
| Piperacillin-tazobactam & amikacin | 30 (22.1) | 49 (15.4) |
| Ciprofloxacin | 0 | 18 (5.6) |
| Imipenem | 1 (0.7) | 1 (0.3) |
| Ertapenem | 29 (21.3) | 14 (4.4) |
| Meropenem | 76 (55.8) | 14 (4.4) |
| Outcome | ||
| Coagulopathy | 22 (16.2) | 24 (7.5) |
| Required ICU admission | 26 (19.1) | 30 (9.4) |
| Successfully treated | 121 (89.0) | 289 (90.6) |
| Death | 11 (8.1) | 16 (5.0) |
| Transferred out* | 4 (2.9) | 14 (4.4) |
* E. coli episodes were initially managed at the short stay ward of Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital but the corresponding patients were transferred to a primary or secondary hospital to complete their antibiotic therapy; ESBL = extended-spectrum beta lactamase-producing; ICU = intensive care unit; BSI = bloodstream infection; UTI = urinary tract infection