Table 5. Clinical and diagnostic findings for 16 persons with TB in cluster survey of TB in children in areas affected by 2013 natural disasters, Bohol, Philippines, 2016–2018*.
Case no. | Natural disaster area | Age, y/sex | Known exposure to TB | History of signs/symptoms | Chest radiograph interpretation by radiologist | DSSM result† | GeneXpert result† |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
LAA |
6/M |
Yes |
Cough >2 weeks, wheezing, weight loss; no improvement after taking antimicrobial drugs |
Pneumonia, both paracardiac areas |
Neg |
Neg |
2 |
LAA |
2/M |
Yes |
Cough >2 weeks, weight loss, malaise; no improvement after taking antimicrobial drugs |
Inflammatory process, both inner zones |
Neg |
Invalid, after 2 extractions |
3 |
LAA |
8/M |
Yes |
Cervical lymphadenopathy |
Calcified hilar lymphadenopathy, likely representing a chronic process, such as pulmonary TB |
Neg |
Neg |
4 |
LAA |
14/M |
Yes |
None; history of prior TB treatment but did not complete therapy |
Inflammatory process in left apical area compatible with chronic process, such as pulmonary TB with minimal apical pleural thickening |
Neg |
Neg |
5 |
LAA |
7/F |
Yes |
Cough >2 weeks |
Normal |
Neg |
Neg |
6 |
LAA |
4/M |
Yes |
Cough >2 weeks, weight loss, anorexia, malaise, chest pain |
Normal |
Neg |
Neg |
7 |
LAA |
5/M |
Yes |
Cervical lymphadenopathy |
Inflammatory process in the left retrocardiac area |
Neg |
Neg |
8 |
HAA |
14/F |
Yes |
None |
Normal |
Neg |
Pos |
9 |
LAA |
5/F |
Yes |
Cough >2 weeks, fever, weight loss |
Normal |
Neg |
Pos |
10 |
LAA |
1/F |
Yes |
Cough >2 weeks, fever, dyspnea, no improvement after taking antimicrobial drugs |
Normal |
Neg |
Neg |
11 |
LAA |
12/F |
No |
Coughing >2 weeks, fever, chest and back pain, weight loss, cervical lymphadenopathy |
Normal |
Neg |
Neg |
12 |
LAA |
11/F |
Yes |
Cervical lymphadenopathy, no rales or wheezing |
Normal |
Neg |
Neg |
13 |
LAA |
3/M |
Yes |
Cervical lymphadenopathy |
Normal |
Neg |
Neg |
14 |
LAA |
6/M |
Yes |
Cervical lymphadenopathy |
Normal |
Neg |
Neg |
15 |
LAA |
3/F |
Yes |
Coughing >2 weeks, weight loss |
Bilateral pneumonia |
Neg |
Neg |
16 | HAA | 10/M | Yes | Coughing >2 weeks, weight loss, cervical lymphadenopathy | Pneumonia, both lower lungs, minimal left pleural effusion vs. pleural thickening; consider Potts disease (extrapulmonary TB) involving T12 and L1 vertebrae with Gibbus deformity | Neg | Pos |
*DSSM, direct sputum smear microscopy; HAA, heavily affected area; LAA, less affected area; neg, negative; pos, positive; TB, tuberculosis. †Direct smears and GeneXpert (Cepheid, http://www.cepheid.com) performed on sputum for children >5 years of age and gastric aspirates for children <5 years of age.