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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Nov 10.
Published in final edited form as: Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2018 Jul 6;145:57–72. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.06.025

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

Schematic diagram showing potential ways the VLP-based vaccines can stimulate innate and adaptive immune responses. The basic framework of innate and adaptive responses by the host immune system was adapted from Desmet et al. [36]. See text for details of specific advantages provided by VLP vaccines.