Figure 3.

DNA interstrand crosslink repair. ICL repair can be initiated either at a stalled RNA polymerase (A) or at a replication fork (B). (A) ICLs in DNA will stall RNA polymerase during transcription. The RNA polymerase will either backtrack or be degraded during subsequent repair involving translesion (TLS) polymerases and NER pathway. (B) The removal of ICL during S and G2 phases involves the Fanconi anemia pathway, with sensing of ICL by FANCM, and then recruitment of protein complex, resulting in ICL removal, creation of DSB, which is repaired by homologous recombination.