Table 5.
Combined and Interdependent effects (3 × 3) between the independent variables of low-medium-high levels of Self-Regulation (SR) and low-medium-high levels of Regulatory Teaching (RT), i.e., external regulation, on dependent variables (n = 201).
| SR | Low (n=87) | Medium (n=193) | High (n=86) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
RT n= |
Low 24 |
Med 45 |
High 18 |
Low 43 |
Med 51 |
High 99 |
Low 29 |
Med 47 |
High 86 |
| Class Achievement Emotions (CAE) | |||||||||
| Positive (+) | 2.83 (0.60) | 2.97 (0.58) | 3.22 (0.64) | 3.19 (0.59) | 3.33 (0.46) | 3.63 (0.53) | 3.47 (0.51) | 3.58 (0.67) | 4.04 (0.51)* |
| Negative (–) | 2.55 (0.62) | 2.48 (0.58) | 2.15 (0.74) | 2.11 (0.54) | 2.12 (0.59) | 1.87 (0.18) | 2.12 (0.84) | 1.76 (0.44) | 1.58 (0.50)* |
| Enjoyment (+) | 2.75 (0.65) | 2.87 (0.60) | 3.19 (0.62) | 3.06 (0.72) | 3.19 (0.54) | 3.48 (0.61) | 3.34 (0.74) | 3.32 (0.75) | 3.87 (0.63)* |
| Hope (+) | 2.83 (0.74) | 3.01 (0.72) | 3.22 (0.70) | 3.33 (0.72) | 3.46 (0.49) | 3.73 (0.78) | 3.71 (0.76) | 3.82 (0.69) | 4.21 (0.52)* |
| Pride (+) | 2.91 (0.66) | 3.02 (0.69) | 3.26 (0.74) | 3.17 (0.71) | 3.33 (0.53) | 3.69 (0.59) | 3.36 (0.57) | 3.61 (0.76) | 4.04 (0.58)* |
| Boredom (–) | 3.15 (0.19) | 2.63 (0.69) | 2.18 (0.73) | 2.46 (0.89) | 2.35 (0.69) | 2.00 (0.80) | 2.36 (0.88) | 2.17 (0.93) | 1.71 (0.69)* |
| Anger (–) | 2.15 (0.91) | 2.33 (0.72) | 2.03 (0.83) | 2.01 (0.78) | 2.00 (0.74) | 1.70 (0.53) | 2.00 (0.98) | 1.70 (0.69) | 1.45 (0.45)* |
| Anxiety (–) | 2.40 (0.62) | 2.67 (0.68) | 2.40 (0.97) | 2.07 (0.65) | 2.28 (0.69) | 2.10 (0.56) | 2.27 (0.99) | 1.76 (0.47) | 2.27 (0.99)* |
| Shame (–) | 2.37 (0.75) | 2.90 (0.90) | 2.40 (0.99) | 2.23 (0.85) | 2.20 (0.79) | 2.12 (0.69) | 2.25 (0.99) | 1.68 (0.64) | 1.76 (0.69)* |
| Hopelessness (–) | 2.27 (0.74) | 2.16 (0.71) | 1.88 (0.67) | 1.78 (0.53) | 1.84 (0.65) | 1.55 (0.45) | 1.69 (0.95) | 1.45 (0.43) | 1.33 (0.53)* |
| Learning Achievement Emotions (LAE) | |||||||||
| Positive (+) | 2.92 (0.64) | 3.31 (0.61) | 3.42 (0.69) | 3.45 (0.62) | 3.55 (0.50) | 3.88 (0.49) | 3.59 (0.58) | 3.92 (0.61) | 4.23 (0.68)* |
| Negative (–) | 2.81 (0.83) | 2.70 (0.58) | 2.35 (0.70) | 2.39 (0.67) | 2.22 (0.59) | 1.93 (0.42) | 2.16 (0.97) | 1.89 (0.58) | 1.64 (0.56)* |
| Enjoyment (+) | 2.90 (0.56) | 3.27 (0.56) | 3.26 (0.66) | 3.25 (0.65) | 3.46 (0.54) | 3.65 (0.49) | 3.47 (0.72) | 3.73 (0.74) | 4.03 (0.44)* |
| Hope (+) | 2.81 (0.75) | 3.22 (0.70) | 3.44 (0.75) | 3.55 (0.78) | 3.61 (0.60) | 3.94 (0.54) | 3.66 (0.59) | 4.02 (0.68) | 4.31 (0.62)* |
| Pride (+) | 3.05 (0.79) | 3.45 (0.72) | 3.58 (0.83) | 3.55 (0.64) | 3.69 (0.60) | 4.04 (0.59) | 3.65 (0.63) | 4.00 (0.62) | 4.35 (0.57)* |
| Boredom (–) | 2.91 (0.97) | 2.72 (0.73) | 2.28 (0.81) | 2.48 (0.91) | 2.30 (0.79) | 1.88 (0.63) | 2.28 (0.99) | 1.90 (0.81) | 1.57 (0.62)* |
| Anger (–) | 2.35 (0.91) | 2.33 (0.72) | 2.03 (0.83) | 2.01 (0.78) | 2.00 (0.74) | 1.70 (0.53) | 2.00 (0.98) | 1.70 (0.69) | 1.45 (0.45)* |
| Anxiety (–) | 2.85 (0.75) | 3.80 (0.57) | 2.83 (0.80) | 2.52 (0.66) | 2.62 (0.55) | 2.49 (0.60) | 2.47 (0.74) | 2.36 (0.61) | 2.13 (0.70)* |
| Shame (–) | 2.49 (0.89) | 2.80 (0.74) | 2.47 (0.99) | 2.03 (0.81) | 2.16 (0.83) | 1.96 (0.58) | 2.07 (0.99) | 1.82 (0.68) | 1.67 (0.68) |
| Hopelessness (–) | 2.44 (0.99) | 2.56 (0.81) | 2.16 (0.84) | 1.92 (0.79) | 2.03 (0.69) | 1.62 (0.56) | 1.98 (0.99) | 1.64 (0.65) | 1.39 (0.62) |
| Test Achievement Emotions (TAE) | |||||||||
| Positive (+) | 2.56 (0.64) | 2.85 (0.66) | 3.23 (0.55) | 3.14 (0.70) | 3.27 (0.52) | 3.46 (0.59) | 3.30 (0.40) | 3.62 (0.60) | 3.70 (0.64)* |
| Negative (–) | 2.74 (0.61) | 2.81 (0.52) | 2.80 (0.62) | 2.52 (0.66) | 2.55 (0.53) | 2.38 (0.41) | 2.21 (0.66) | 2.28 (0.48) | 2.24 (0.41)* |
| Enjoyment (+) | 2.55 (0.69) | 2.82 (0.71) | 3.11 (0.56) | 2.95 (0.80) | 3.05 (0.59) | 3.27 (0.67) | 3.17 (0.40) | 3.44 (0.66) | 3.55 (0.62)* |
| Hope (+) | 2.57 (0.65) | 2.76 (0.76) | 3.34 (0.68) | 2.95 (0.80) | 3.05 (0.89) | 3.53 (0.64) | 3.45 (0.47) | 3.75 (0.70) | 3.85 (0.80)* |
| Pride (+) | 2.57 (0.65) | 2.96 (0.72) | 3.23 (0.63) | 3.23 (0.72) | 3.31 (0.59) | 3.54 (0.73) | 3.27 (0.56) | 3.67 (0.60) | 3.74 (0.71)* |
| Relief (–) | 3.21 (0.80) | 3.57 (0.77) | 3.46 (0.91) | 3.56 (0.71) | 3.66 (0.66) | 3.81 (0.85) | 3.15 (0.65) | 3.71 (0.77) | 3.68 (0.76)* |
| Anger (–) | 2.54 (0.64) | 2.45 (0.60) | 2.48 (0.81) | 2.24 (0.68) | 2.23 (0.67) | 1.91 (0.53) | 1.96 (0.77) | 2.00 (0.56) | 1.79 (0.58) |
| Anxiety (–) | 3.15 (0.80) | 3.35 (0.84) | 3.43 (0.79) | 2.90 (0.93) | 2.91 (0.82) | 2.85 (0.73) | 2.51 (0.96) | 2.61 (0.85) | 2.57 (0.82) |
| Shame (–) | 2.30 (0.86) | 2.28 (0.85) | 2.25 (0.99) | 1.29 (0.89) | 1.90 (0.67) | 1.67 (0.62) | 1.58 (0.87) | 1.52 (0.53) | 1.62 (0.68) |
| Hopelessness (–) | 2.55 (0.76) | 2.38 (0.84) | 2.37 (0.93) | 2.02 (0.91) | 2.07 (0.72) | 1.68 (0.65) | 1.84(1.00) | 1.54 (0.54) | 1.52 (0.81) |
| Engagement (+) | 2.87 (0.70) | 3.10 (0.60) | 3.50 (0.57) | 3.31 (0.67) | 3.39 (0.57) | 3.68 (0.57) | 3.58 (0.64) | 3.62 (0.60) | 4.00 (0.50)* |
| Vigor | 2.59 (0.70) | 2.79 (0.68) | 3.26 (0.73) | 3.06 (0.69) | 3.18 (0.68) | 3.46 (0.73) | 3.40 (0.66) | 3.49 (0.68) | 3.86 (0.80)* |
| Dedication | 3.19 (0.69) | 3.59 (0.75) | 3.93 (0.73) | 3.81 (0.81) | 3.79 (0.64) | 4.13 (0.59) | 3.85 (0.90) | 3.95 (0.65) | 4.13 (0.70)* |
| Absorption | 2.83 (0.86) | 2.93 (0.77) | 3.31 (0.76) | 3.06 (0.84) | 3.20 (0.77) | 3.44 (0.79) | 3.39 (0.89) | 3.47 (0.76) | 3.86 (0.70)* |
| Burnout (–) | 2.84 (0.53) | 2.64 (0.61) | 2.40 (0.65) | 2.29 (0.68) | 2.27 (0.48) | 1.98 (0.47) | 2.05 (0.57) | 2.03 (0.55) | 1.74 (0.44)* |
| Depletion | 3.17 (0.74) | 2.95 (0.79) | 2.85 (0.87) | 2.59 (0.90) | 2.55 (0.72) | 2.36 (0.77) | 2.22 (0.66) | 2.26 (0.79) | 2.07 (0.74)* |
| Cynism | 2.61 (0.82) | 2.52 (0.95) | 2.20 (0.99) | 2.13 (0.95) | 2.07 (0.73) | 1.73 (0.65) | 2.75 (0.60) | 2.45 (0.50) | 2.16 (0.53)* |
| Lack of effect | 2.75 (0.60) | 2.45 (0.50) | 2.16 (0.53) | 2.19 (0.58) | 2.14 (0.49) | 1.86 (0.45) | 1.96 (0.65) | 1.87 (0.44) | 1.55 (0.40)* |
*
Statistical effect in the variables.
SR, Self-Regulation Levels; RT, Regulatory Teaching Levels.