Table 2.
Body weight and amount of active ingredient ingested via syrup and pollen in O. bicornis females exposed to various pesticide combinations (treatments) throughout their adult life span (chronic exposure).
| Treatment | n bees | Body weight (mean ± SE mg) | Acetamiprid (mean ± SE ng bee−1) | Imidacloprid (mean ± SE ng bee−1) | Myclobutanil (mean ± SE ng bee−1) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Syrup | Pollen | Total | Syrup | Pollen | Total | Syrup | |||||
| Period 1 | Period 2 | Period 1 | Period 2 | ||||||||
| A | 20 | 70.67 ± 1.87 | 2.88 | 7.41 | 0.34 | 10.63 | |||||
| I | 16 | 68.93 ± 1.58 | 1.63 | 8.16 | 0.55 | 8.71 | |||||
| M | 17 | 71.09 ± 2.03 | 3.42 | ||||||||
| A + I | 13 | 69.08 ± 2.85 | 0.58 | 4.70 | 0.04 | 5.33 | 1.40 | 3.60 | 0.03 | 3.63 | |
| A + M | 16 | 72.31 ± 1.72 | 3.34 | 14.47 | 0.27 | 18.08 | 2.91 | ||||
| I + M | 12 | 71.50 ± 2.37 | 1.59 | 8.29 | 0.28 | 8.57 | 0.58 | ||||
| A + I + M | 14 | 66.72 ± 2.16 | 0.53 | 6.72 | 0.17 | 7.41 | 1.27 | 5.14 | 0.13 | 5.27 | 0.46 |
| CONTROL | 13 | 68.19 ± 3.01 | |||||||||
A: acetamiprid, I: imidacloprid, M: myclobutanil. Period 1: first week; Period 2: remainder of the bioassay.