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. 2019 Jul 18;70(18):4657–4670. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erz244

Fig. 6.

Fig. 6.

The effect of viral accumulation in Nicotiana benthamiana protoplasts treated with an autophagy inhibitor or an autophagy inducer. (A) Western blot analysis of the relative accumulation of BaMV, Potato virus X (PVX), and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) coat protein (CP) in mock controls and protoplasts treated with the inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA). The Rubisco large subunit (rbcL) stained with Coomassie brilliant blue was a loading control for normalization. (B) The relative accumulation of BaMV plus- and minus-sense RNA in mock controls and 3-MA-treated protoplasts at 24 h post-inoculation (hpi). (C) Western blot analysis of the relative accumulation of BaMV CP in mock controls and protoplasts treated with the inducer rapamycin. β-actin detected by an anti-actin antibody was a loading control for normalization. The numbers above the bars are means (±SE) from at least three independent experiments. Significant differences were determined using Student’s t-test: *P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001.