Table 2.
Summary of outcomes of randomized controlled trials.
| Outcome | Trial | Event Rates, No (%) | Significance | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Comparator | *Effect (95% CI) | P-value | ||
| In-hospital MACE | Berwanger 20129 | 33 (5.5) | 38 (7.0) | OR: 0.72 (0.36, 1.43) | 0.35 |
| Du 201410 | 92 (5.8) | 122 (6.4) | RR: 1.12 (0.58, 2.14) | 0.74 | |
| Guenancia 201612 | 26 (9.1) | 31 (10.8) | OR: 1.59 (0.61, 4.17) | 0.49 | |
| Wu 201920 | 559 (3.8) | 655 (4.4) | aOR: 0.93 (0.75, 1.15) | NR | |
| In-hospital mortality | Berwanger 20129 | 29 (4.8) | 28 (5.1) | OR: 0.82 (0.37, 1.82) | 0.62 |
| Du 201410 | 41 (2.6) | 78 (4.1) | RR: 1.60 (0.97, 2.64) | 0.07 | |
| Guenancia 201612 | 6 (2.1) | 11 (3.8) | OR: 1.16 (0.68, 2.01) | NR | |
| Huffman 201816 | 321 (2.8) | 331 (3.3) | aOR: 0.98 (0.82, 1.17) | NR | |
| Rates of reperfusion for STEMI | Du 201410 | 290 (42.7) | 229 (31.8) | RR: 1.24 (0.98, 1.55) | 0.70 |
| Huffman 201816 | 4805 (71.0) | 5067 (73.2) | OR: 1.24 (1.06, 1.46) | NR | |
| Kinsman 201214 | Thrombolysis Baseline: 80% Post-intervention: 78% |
Thrombolysis Baseline: 96% Post-intervention: 84% |
NR | I: 0.86 C: 0.19 NR |
|
| Lytle 201515 | 730 (97.2) | 228 (94.2) | 0.03 | ||
| Sauaia 200017 | Baseline: 12 (55.0) Post-intervention: 9 (75.0) |
Baseline: 31 (84) Post-intervention: 4 (44) |
Control 6.5 times worse compared to baseline | I: 0.01 C: 0.02 |
|
| Tu 200919 | % change (95% CI): 6.7 (−0.8, 14.2) |
% change (95% CI): 7.2 (−0.5, 15.1) |
†Absolute % difference: 3.3 (−5.7, 12.4) |
0.47 | |
| Wu 201920 | 1414 (48.9) | 1683 (52.2) | aOR: −2.2 (−4.7, 0.30) | NR | |
| 30-day total mortality | Berwanger 20129 | 42 (7.0) | 46 (8.4) | OR: 0.79 (0.46, 1.34) | 0.38 |
| Huffman 201816 | 445 (3.9) | 509 (5.1) | aOR: 0.87 (0.75, 1.00) | NR | |
| Sauaia 200017 | Baseline: 81 (19.0) Post-intervention: 33 (15.0) |
Baseline: 85 (17.0) Post-intervention: 46 (22.0) |
NR | NR | |
| Tu 200919 | Absolute % change: (95% CI): −1.9 (−3.8, −0.1) |
Absolute % change: (95% CI): 0 (−2.3, 2.3) |
†Absolute % difference: (95% CI): −2.5 (−4.9, 0.1) | 0.50 | |
| 30-day MACE | Berwanger 20129 | 49 (8.1) | 55 (10.1) | OR: 0.76 (0.45, 1.27) | 0.30 |
| Huffman 201816 | 445 (3.9) | 645 (6.4) | OR: 0.92 (0.81, 1.04) | NR | |
Abbreviations: CI: confidence interval, STEMI: ST-elevation myocardial infarction, MACE: major adverse cardiovascular events, TP: total participants. NS: not significant, aOR: adjusted odds ratio. NR: not reported.
*
Odds ratios or adjusted odd ratios represent the effect estimates of the intervention compared with the control.
†
Absolute % differences represent the effect estimates using a difference in difference analysis.