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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Sep 25.
Published before final editing as: Neurochem Res. 2019 Mar 25:10.1007/s11064-019-02778-5. doi: 10.1007/s11064-019-02778-5

Table 1: Factors known to display circadian fluctuations have a role in OL maturation as well as myelination, another link?

The timing of sleep and arousal is controlled by the circadian timing system with a central clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus. The SCN synchronizes independent circadian clocks located in each organ of the body to generate tissue specific rhythms. Light entrains the master pacemaker in the SCN, which in turn synchronizes extra-SCN central (brain) and peripheral clocks. Brain clock outputs include behavioural rhythms (i.e., sleep, feeding), while peripheral clock outputs include metabolic rhythms (i.e., glucose and lipid homeostasis). Among the rhythmically regulated SCN outputs important for oligodendrocytes are melatonin, glucocorticoids, arousal circuits mediated by NE and ACH.

Additional factors and supporting evidence, not an exhaustive list
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Glucocorticoids Chetty et al. (2014) Mol Psychiatry 19(12):1275–1283
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Thyroid hormone Almazan et al. (1985) Dev Neurosci 7(l):45–54.
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