Fig. 1.

Adaptive immunity is required for resolution of vaginal ZIKV infection. Groups of DMPA-treated female mice were i.vag. inoculated with 2 × 10⁴ FFU of ZIKV (PRVABC59). a FFU equivalents of ZIKV in total RNA from LFRT tissues were determined by qRT-PCR. ZIKV RNA level at day 1 post infection has been indicated by the shaded area, and the lower limit of viral detection is indicated by the lower black dotted line. WT day 2 n = 16, day 6 n = 11, day 8 n = 7, day 12 n = 5, day 30 n = 5; Rag1^−/− day 2 and 6 n = 5, day 8 n = 8, day 12 n = 4, and day 30 n = 17 mice. b Absolute numbers of indicated immune cells in the iLN of uninfected (UI, n = 3 mice) and ZIKV-infected animals (n = 4 mice) at day 6 p.i. c FFU equivalents of ZIKV in LFRT at day 12 post infection. UI n = 7, WT n = 11, CD8^−/− n = 9, MHC-II^−/− n = 8, muMT n = 9, Rag1^−/− n = 4 mice. d Frequencies of CD44+ T cells in the LFRT were determined using flow cytometry. Day 0 represents UI mice. Day 0 and 12 n = 5 mice each day, day 4 and 6 n = 4 mice each day. See Supplementary Fig. 1 for gating strategy. Data pulled from 4 a, or 2 b, c independent experiments; mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test a, Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s multiple comparison a, b. Each dot represents sample from an individual mouse and each time-point represents data from a separate group of mice. LFRT, lower female reproductive tract; UI, uninfected. Source data for Fig. 1a–c are provided as a Source Data file