Table 2.
Summary of studies related with the Impact of Meritocracy on Attitudes, Beliefs and Perceptions involving Low status groups.
| Study | Prime construct | Outcome | Results | Effect size (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chatard et al. (2006) | Meritocracy | Sexism | Participants in the moderated Meritocracy prime scored higher than participants in the radical Meritocracy prime. | ds = 0.60 [0.04, 1.16] |
| Costa-Lopes et al. (2017) [study 1] | Meritocracy | Implicit attitudes | Participants in the Meritocracy prime scored higher than participants in the control condition. | ds = 0.61 [ −0.03, 1.24] |
| Costa-Lopes et al. (2017) [study 2] | Meritocracy | Implicit attitudes | Individuals' level of implicit prejudice at Time 2 increased in the Meritocracy prime, but not in the control group. | dz Meritocracy = 0.55dz control = −0.02 |
| Katz and Hass (1988) | PWE | Pro-black attitudes | Participants in the PWE prime score lower than participants in the Egalitarianism prime. | ds = −0.52 [ −1.16, 0.12] |
| Anti-black attitudes | Participants in the PWE prime score higher than participants in the Egalitarianism prime. | ds = 0.76 [0.11, 1.42] | ||
| Ho et al. (2002) [study 1] | Meritocracy + Economic success | Negative stereotypes toward blacks | Participants in the prime condition score higher than participants in the control condition. | ds = 0.40 [0.00, 0.80] |
| Perceived racial discrimination | Participants in the prime condition do not perceive significantly less racial discrimination than participants in the control condition. | Not estimable | ||
| Ho et al. (2002) [study 2] | Intergroup comparison of Perceived Success | Negative Stereotypes toward Mexicans | Participants in the prime condition score higher than participants in the control condition. | ds = 0.75 [0.12, 1.38] |
| Internal Attributions for the low status position | Participants in the prime condition score higher than participants in the control condition. | ds = 0.68 [0.05, 1.30] | ||
| Attributions of lower status position | Participants in the prime condition score higher than participants in the control condition. | ds = 0.64 [0.02, 1.26] | ||
| Perceived racial discrimination | Participants in the prime condition do not perceive significantly less racial discrimination than participants in the control condition. | Not estimable | ||
| Pereira et al. (2009) | Meritocracy | Discrimination: opposition to Turkish Adhesion to EU | Participants in the Meritocracy prime show a higher opposition than participants in the control condition. | ds = 0.39 [−0.23, 1.02] |