Yamazaki 2005.

Methods	RCT, parallel design
Participants	Total number of randomized participants: 64 Inclusion criteria: undergoing elective non‐cardiac surgery under GA Exclusion criteria: history of cardiovascular disease; diabetes mellitis; disorders known to affect autonomic function; people taking medications known to affect cardiovascular function Type of surgery: type not specified Baseline characteristics Intervention group (landiolol 0.1 mg/kg) Age, mean (SD): 49.0 (± 16.4) years Intervention group (landiolol 0.3 mg/kg) Age, mean (SD): 47.4 (± 14.5) years Control group (placebo) Age, mean (SD): 50.5 (± 16.4) years Country: Japan Setting: hospital; single centre
Interventions	Intervention group (landiolol 0.1 mg/kg) Randomized, n = 22; losses = 0; analysed, n = 22 (use of ITT analysis not reported) Details: landiolol 0.1 mg/kg, IV, over 10 seconds, during anaesthesia Intervention group (landiolol 0.3 mg/kg) Randomized, n = 20; losses = 0; analysed, n = 20 (use of ITT analysis not reported) Details: landiolol 0.3 mg/kg, IV, over 10 seconds, during anaesthesia Control group (placebo) Randomized, n = 22; losses = 0; analysed, n = 22 Details: saline given, same as the intervention group
Outcomes	Outcomes measured/reported by study authors: haemodynamic variables; bradycardia and hypotension (not defined) Outcomes relevant to the review: bradycardia, hypotension
Notes	Funding/declarations of interest: not reported Study dates: not reported Notes: we combined both landiolol groups in analysis
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not specified
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not specified
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Saline is given in the control group. However, study authors did not report whether anaesthetists were blinded to the agent
Blinding of outcome assessors (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not specified
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	No apparent losses
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	Study authors did not report prospective clinical trial registration or publication of a protocol. It was not feasible to effectively assess risk of reporting bias
Other bias	Low risk	Not detected