Figure 2.

Blood flow is increased in the high‐fat diet with myocardial extracellular vesicle injection group (HVM) during pacing. Extracellular vesicle injection increased blood flow (mL/min per g) to both the ischemic and nonischemic areas of the left ventricle during paced conditions to 150 beats per minute in the HVM group. This was not recapitulated in the group that also received oral calpain inhibition (HVMC) nor was there any difference between groups when the heart was at rest. CON indicates control group (high‐fat diet with vehicle injection). *P<0.05 (Kruskal‐Wallis with Dunn's post hoc analysis test was used to compare the means among the 3 groups).