Table 1.
Characteristics of the Study Population at Resurvey
| Characteristic at Resurvey | Women | Men | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demography | |||
| N | 5676 | 941 | 6617 |
| Age, y | |||
| <50 | 2971 (52%) | 485 (52%) | 3456 (52%) |
| ≥50 | 2705 (48%) | 456 (48%) | 3161 (48%) |
| Mean age, y | 49.7 (5.3) | 49.8 (5.4) | 49.7 (5.3) |
| Urban residence | 2096 (37%) | 346 (37%) | 2442 (37%) |
| Rural residence | 3580 (63%) | 595 (63%) | 4175 (63%) |
| Major cardiovascular disease risk factors | |||
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 124 (14.1) | 127 (12.6) | 124 (13.9) |
| Ex‐regular smoker | 7 (0%) | 208 (22%) | 215 (3%) |
| Non‐HDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 2.43 (0.76) | 2.47 (0.72) | 2.43 (0.75) |
| HDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.44 (0.44) | 1.24 (0.42) | 1.41 (0.44) |
| Body‐size measures | |||
| Height, cm | 155 (5.8) | 166 (6.6) | 157 (7.1) |
| Weight, kg | 57.4 (8.8) | 67.3 (10.4) | 58.8 (9.7) |
| Body mass index, kg/m² | 23.9 (3.2) | 24.3 (3.0) | 23.9 (3.2) |
| Waist circumference, cm | 81.6 (8.8) | 86.3 (9.0) | 82.3 (9.0) |
| Waist‐hip ratio | 0.91 (0.08) | 0.96 (0.08) | 0.92 (0.08) |
| Body fat, % | 29.3 (6.4) | 18.8 (5.9) | 27.8 (7.3) |
| Fat body mass, kg | 17.3 (6.0) | 13.1 (5.5) | 16.7 (6.1) |
| Lean body mass, kg | 40.2 (4.0) | 54.2 (6.4) | 42.2 (6.6) |
| Carotid measures | |||
| cIMT, mm | 0.59 (0.10) | 0.63 (0.11) | 0.60 (0.10) |
| Carotid plaque burden, mm | 0.20 (0.54) | 0.31 (0.65) | 0.22 (0.56) |
| Plaque (>1.5 mm) present | 490 (9%) | 129 (14%) | 619 (9%) |
Data are mean (SD) or number (%) of participants. The 6617 participants included are never or long‐term ex‐regular smokers, aged <60 years, without previous ischemic heart disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus, or hypertension, having plasma non‐HDL cholesterol <4 mmol/L. cIMT indicates carotid intima‐media thickness; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein.