Table 2.

Predictors of postoperative opioid dependence

Predictor	Odds ratio	p value
Fracture complexity	1.93	0.049*
ASA class 3 or 4	1.31	0.48
Smoking status	1.38	0.33
Preoperative opioid dependence	2.42	0.03*
Obesity (BMI > 30)	0.60	0.14
Psychological comorbidity	0.93	0.83
Time to surgery > 30 days	0.72	0.46

* denotes statistically significant differences between groups