Time course of TNF protein changes in lumbosacral CSF after lumbosacral intrathecal gp120 administration. Rats were administered intrathecal gp120 (black squares) or intrathecal vehicle (black-and-white squares) either 20, 40, 60, 90, or 120 min before tissue collection. A, gp120 increased TNF protein in lumbosacral CSF, relative to vehicle controls. B, Site specificity of this effect was found based on the fact that increases in TNF protein in cervical CSF were both much lower in magnitude and slower to occur.