Exercise prevents behavioral deficits after brain damage. A, Rats undergoing exercise training before 3AP injection, although motor-impaired compared with control animals (*p < 0.005), show significantly better motor coordination in the rotarod than sedentary 3AP rats (*p < 0.009). B, C, Mice submitted to treadmill running before injection of domoic acid have intact learning (B) and memory (C) performance, whereas sedentary mice have significantly impaired acquisition and retention scores (*p < 0.0001). Error bars are smaller than the size of the symbols at some points.