Kv3.1/Kv3.3-deficient mice have a severe motor-skill deficit. In contrast to wild-type or heterozygous mice, Kv3.1−/−Kv3.3−/− mice cannot stay on a rotating rod (one-factor ANOVA; ***p < 0.001). DKO mice show no difference between the rotating and the stationary rod (paired t test,p = 0.36). Male mice were placed on an accelerating, rotating rod (diameter, 3.8 cm), and the time until fall was measured [mean ± SEM and number of mice (above eachvertical bar) shown]. At time 0, the rod turned at 5 rpm and accelerated at 10 rpm/min. Each animal was subjected to five trials during an ∼1 hr test period.