Figure 2. Bone marrow-derived FSP-1 positive cells infiltrate in the arterial anastomosis of the AVF.

A, CD45 positive cells were detected by immunostaining, and the red arrows pointed the CD45 positive cells in the media of arterial side of AVF anastomosis. B-D. FSP-1⁺ cell infiltration in AVF were revealed by immunofluorescent staining with CD45 (B) or macrophage marker, Mac-2 (C). The double positive cells in B & C were counted and summarized (D). E & F. FSP-1⁺ inflammatory cells derived from bone marrow of FSP-1-GFP transgenic mice. AVFs were created in wild type mice with bone marrow from FSP-1-GFP mice. The Bone marrow derived-FSP-1⁺ cells in the media of anastomosed artery (left panel) or in the neointima area (right panel) of the 2 week AVFs were detected and co-immunostained with CD45. The GFP⁺ cells and the GFP⁺/CD45⁺ double positive cells in the areas were counted and calculated (F) (n = 6). G. Double immunostaining of GFP or CD45 in the anastomosis of AVFs created from VSMC^GFP mice (arrows point CD45⁺/GFP⁻ cells), the positive cells were counted (n = 6 mice). Scale bar = 50 μm in all panels.