Table 4. Number of patients with electrolyte abnormalities before and after intervention.

parameter	Normal	Below normal (hypo.)	Above normal (hyper.)
Sodium
Pre-intervention	63 (75%)	5 (6.0%)	16 (19%)
Post- intervention	102 (91.1%)	2 (1.8%)	8 (7.1%)
p-value	0.009*	0.009*	0.004*
Potassium
Pre-intervention	78 (92.9%)	6 (7.1%)	0 (0%)
Post- intervention	110 (98.2%)	1 (0.9%)	1 (0.9%)
p-value	0.046*	0.033*	0.184

Data were analyzed using chi-square test. Unites are frequency (N) and percent (%).

Electrolyte abnormalities (disturbances) include hypernatremia, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia and hypokalemia. Hypernatremia occurs when serum sodium ≥ 155 mmol/ l; Hyponatremia occurs when serum sodium is < 130 mmol/l. Hyperkalemia occurs when serum potassium is ≥ 5.5 mmol/l; Hypokalemia occurs when potassium level is < 3 mmol/l.