Table 2.
Neurocognitive outcomes across racial/ethnic groups of childhood cancer survivors.
| White, non-Hispanic | Black, non-Hispanic | Hispanic | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | P | Mean | P | P* | Mean | P | P* | |
| Task efficiency | ||||||||
| Sibling | 50.92 | 46.77 | 52.51 | |||||
| Survivor | 54.45 | 53.76 | 55.87 | |||||
| Difference from sibling | 3.54 | <0.001 | 7.00 | <0.001 | 0.04 | 3.36 | 0.25 | 0.95 |
| Survivor no CRT | 52.60 | 52.73 | 54.54 | |||||
| Difference from sibling | 1.68 | <0.001 | 5.96 | 0.001 | 0.02 | 2.04 | 0.48 | 0.90 |
| Survivor with CRT | 59.20 | 56.21 | 60.06 | |||||
| Difference from Sibling | 8.28 | <0.001 | 9.45 | <0.001 | 0.57 | 7.55 | 0.02 | 0.83 |
| Emotional regulation | ||||||||
| Sibling | 50.44 | 49.65 | 49.23 | |||||
| Survivor | 52.03 | 51.64 | 52.94 | |||||
| Difference from sibling | 1.59 | <0.001 | 1.99 | 0.32 | 0.85 | 3.72 | 0.06 | 0.29 |
| Survivor no CRT | 51.61 | 51.68 | 52.91 | |||||
| Difference from sibling | 1.16 | 0.006 | 2.03 | 0.31 | 0.67 | 3.68 | 0.07 | 0.22 |
| Survivor with CRT | 53.12 | 51.55 | 53.06 | |||||
| Difference from sibling | 2.68 | <0.001 | 1.90 | 0.42 | 0.74 | 3.83 | 0.08 | 0.60 |
| Organization | ||||||||
| Sibling | 50.33 | 51.88 | 50.75 | |||||
| Survivor | 51.00 | 51.31 | 51.48 | |||||
| Difference from sibling | 0.68 | 0.10 | −0.57 | 0.84 | 0.67 | 0.73 | 0.75 | 0.98 |
| Survivor no CRT | 50.67 | 51.66 | 50.92 | |||||
| Difference from sibling | 0.34 | 0.41 | −0.22 | 0.94 | 0.85 | 0.17 | 0.94 | 0.94 |
| Survivor with CRT | 51.86 | 50.48 | 53.25 | |||||
| Difference from Sibling | 1.53 | 0.001 | −1.40 | 0.64 | 0.33 | 2.50 | 0.31 | 0.70 |
| Memory | ||||||||
| Sibling | 50.12 | 50.65 | 52.83 | |||||
| Survivor | 53.16 | 54.48 | 54.41 | |||||
| Difference from sibling | 3.04 | <0.001 | 3.83 | 0.13 | 0.76 | 1.58 | 0.52 | 0.55 |
| Survivor no CRT | 51.74 | 53.54 | 52.88 | |||||
| Difference from sibling | 1.63 | <0.001 | 2.89 | 0.26 | 0.63 | 0.05 | 0.98 | 0.53 |
| Survivor with CRT | 56.78 | 56.70 | 59.27 | |||||
| Difference from Sibling | 6.66 | <0.001 | 6.05 | 0.02 | 0.82 | 6.44 | 0.02 | 0.93 |
P=p-value comparing survivors to same race/ethnicity siblings; P*=p-value comparing survivor-sibling difference between racial/ethnic groups, referenced to non-Hispanic white survivor-sibling difference.
Adjusted for sex, age at follow-up, year at diagnosis, methotrexate exposure (intravenous and intrathecal), corticosteroid exposure and any CTCAE grade 3-4 chronic medical condition.