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. 2019 Sep 26;9:13918. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-50273-2

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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PCA scatter plot of the chronosequence samples in the glacier foreland of Jamtalferner, based on species composition to depict the floristic similarity between samples (the closer located the black sample-symbols within the ordination space, the higher the similarity). The superimposed pies indicate life form composition and total ground cover of the samples. Where necessary (A, B, and CIII), pies are zoomed for better reading.