Table 3.
Univariable and Multiple Cox Regression Analysis of Predictors Associated With Treatment Failure or Death Among Rifampicin-resistant Tuberculosis Patients
| Variable | N | Died or Failed, n (%) | Crude HR (95% CI) |
P Value | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | ||||||
| <20 | 13 | 3 (23.1) | 1.00 | … | … | … |
| 20–24 | 18 | 6 (33.3) | 1.67 (.31–9.14) | .552 | … | … |
| 25–39 | 74 | 18 (24.3) | 1.41 (.32–6.17) | .647 | … | … |
| 40–59 | 44 | 9 (20.4) | .92 (.18–4.54) | .914 | … | … |
| >60+ | 10 | 3 (30.0) | 1.54 (.22–10.92) | .667 | … | … |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | 50 | 17 (34.0) | 1.00 | … | … | … |
| Male | 109 | 22 (20.1) | .53 (.26–1.11) | .091 | … | … |
| HIV Status | ||||||
| Negative | 117 | 25 (21.4) | 1.00 | … | 1.00 | … |
| Positive | 16 | 5 (31.2) | 1.191 (.65–5.62) | .239 | 2.83 (.77–10.39) | .116 |
| Unknown | 24 | 9 (37.5) | 1.56 (.62–3.92) | .340 | 0.74 (.23–2.40) | .622 |
| Sputum smear microscopy for AFB | ||||||
| Negative | 39 | 11 (28.2) | 1.00 | … | … | … |
| Positive | 120 | 28 (23.3) | .87 (.38–1.97) | .748 | … | … |
| TB category | ||||||
| New cases | 64 | 18 (28.1) | 1.00 | … | … | … |
| Re-treatment cases | 95 | 21 (22.1) | .58 (.28–1.22) | .152 | … | … |
| TB episode number | ||||||
| Per 1 prior episode of TB |
159 | .67 (.39 - 1.15) | .143 | … | … | |
| Days from result to treatment | 141 | 1.00 (.99–1.00) | .687 | … | … | |
| MDR-TB regimen | ||||||
| 20/24-month | 114 | 24 (21.1) | 1.00 | … | … | … |
| 9-month | 36 | 6 (16.7) | 1.02 (.41–2.56) | .963 | … | … |
| DOT | ||||||
| No | 26 | 13 (50.0) | 1.00 | … | 1.00 | … |
| Yes | 124 | 17 (13.7) | .35 (.15–.81) | <.001 | .29 (.11–.74) | .010 |
| SAEs | ||||||
| None | 134 | 25 (18.7) | 1.00 | … | … | … |
| Any SAE | 25 | 14 (56.0) | 5.08 (2.42–10.66) | <.001 | 4.81 (2.04–11.30) | <.001 |
Abbreviations: AFB, acid-fast bacilli; CI, confidence interval; DOT, directly observed therapy; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; HR, hazard ratio; MDR, multidrug resistant; SAE, serious adverse event; TB, tuberculosis.