CRE-binding activity is reduced in CREBαΔ mutant mice. CRE binding activity was analyzed by EMSA. Perfect consensus CRE oligonucleotides and cell extracts obtained from various regions of wild-type and CREBαΔ mutant brains including thalamus, posterior cortex, striatum, hippocampus, cerebellum, and frontal cortex (lanes 1–6, respectively) were examined.