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. 2019 Sep 20;10:690. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00690

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Copyright © 2019 Maggo, Sycamore, Miller and Kennedy

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Shows observed and expected frequencies (%) of phenotypes for the three genes (A, CYP2D6; B, CYP2C19; C, CYP2C9) investigated for 18 study participants of European descent. “Observed” indicates the % of poor (PM), intermediate (IM), rapid (RM), and ultra-rapid (UM) metabolizers in our cohort. “Expected” indicates the corresponding frequencies reported in a recent report of over 5,000 unselected patients in a comparable Oceania population. * Indicates significantly different (P < 0.05) using chi-squared analysis. As shown in Figure 1(B) , for CYP2C19, we did not encounter any European PMs from a total of 18 European cases. We did observe a CYP2C19 PM in one out of four Māori study participants ( Table 1 ).