Table 2. Multivariable Analysis of Factors Associated With Overall Survivala.
| Variable | HR (95% CI) | P Value |
|---|---|---|
| Age | 1.08 (1.07-1.08) | <.001 |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 1.40 (1.33-1.48) | <.001 |
| Female | 1 [Reference] | NA |
| Charlson-Deyo comorbidity scoreb | ||
| 0 | 1 [Reference] | NA |
| 1 | 1.49 (1.40-1.59) | <.001 |
| 2 | 2.48 (2.18-2.82) | <.001 |
| ≥3 | 3.55 (2.88-4.37) | <.001 |
| Insurance | ||
| Private | 1 [Reference] | NA |
| Government | 1.28 (1.19-1.37) | <.001 |
| None | 2.02 (1.66-2.46) | <.001 |
| Unknown | 1.15 (0.95-1.39) | .15 |
| Facility type | ||
| Nonacademic | 1 [Reference] | NA |
| Academic | 0.93 (0.88-0.97) | .003 |
| Anatomical site | ||
| Trunk | 1 [Reference] | NA |
| Upper limb or shoulder | 0.87 (0.81-0.93) | <.001 |
| Lower limb or hip | 0.79 (0.72-0.86) | <.001 |
| Face | 1.20 (1.12-1.29) | <.001 |
| Scalp or neck | 1.31 (1.20-1.42) | <.001 |
| Overlapping or NOS | 1.69 (1.31-2.19) | <.001 |
| Histologic subtype | ||
| Superficial spreading | 1 [Reference] | NA |
| Lentigo maligna | 1.00 (0.91-1.10) | >.99 |
| Nodular | 1.63 (1.47-1.81) | <.001 |
| Malignant acral lentiginous | 1.54 (1.24-1.92) | <.001 |
| Malignant desmoplastic | 1.01 (0.80-1.27) | .95 |
| Spindle cell | 1.13 (0.90-1.42) | .30 |
| Other or NOS | 1.07 (1.01-1.13) | .02 |
| Ulceration | ||
| Not present | 1 [Reference] | NA |
| Present | 2.24 (2.06-2.43) | <.001 |
| Breslow thickness, mm | ||
| <0.80 | 1 [Reference] | NA |
| 0.80-1.00 | 1.09 (1.01-1.17) | .04 |
| 1.01-2.00 | 1.46 (1.38-1.55) | <.001 |
| Type of excision | ||
| WME | 1 [Reference] | NA |
| MMS | 0.86 (0.76-0.97) | .02 |
Abbreviations: HR, hazard ratio; MMS, Mohs micrographic surgery; NA, not applicable; NOS, not otherwise specified; WME, wide margin excision.
a
Patient race/ethnicity was excluded from the multivariable model after Akaike information criterion minimization.
b
Lower score indicates a lower comorbidity burden; higher score, a higher comorbidity burden.