Table 1.

Effect of supercritical carbon dioxide extracts of yellow mustard seeds and small cardamom seeds on 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA:mevalonate (H:M) ratio, kidney and liver markers in hypercholesterolaemic rats

(Mean values and standard deviations; six rats per group)

		H:M ratio		BUN (mg/dl)*		Creatinine (mg/dl)*		Urea (mg/dl)*		SGOT (IU/l)		SGPT (IU/l)
Groups	Description of animal groups	Mean	sd	Mean	sd	Mean	sd	Mean	sd	Mean	sd	Mean	sd
E1	Regular oral administration of 10 % DMSO solution for 21 d	2·95a	0·12	18·01a	0·91	0·60a	0·02	33·29a	1·33	40·78a	2·11	40·00a	2·11
E2	Injected intraperitoneally with single dose of Triton X-100 (175 mg/kg BW) on day 1 and regular oral administration of 10 % DMSO solution for 21 d	2·33b	0·09	23·00b	0·88	0·97b	0·03	67·19b	2·31	89·47b	1·99	51·25b	1·99
E3	Injected intraperitoneally with single dose of Triton X-100 (175 mg/kg BW) on day 1 and oral administration of atorvastatin 10 mg/kg BW for 21 d	2·86a	0·32	18·21a	0·98	0·75c	0·03	35·26a	1·88	42·45a	5·01	39·20a	5·01
E4	Injected intraperitoneally with single dose of Triton X-100 (175 mg/kg BW) on day 1 and oral administration of YMbest at the dose of 550 mg/kg BW for 21 d	2·42c	0·11	19·45a	0·89	0·78c	0·01	41·25c	1·71	45·02a	4·89	39·50a	4·89
E5	Injected intraperitoneally with single dose of Triton X-100 (175 mg/kg BW) on day 1 and oral administration of YMbest at the dose of 175 mg/kg BW for 21 d	2·42d	0·15	22·08a	0·92	0·88c	0·04	50·00d	2·05	46·69a	6·88	42·29a	6·88
E6	Injected intraperitoneally with single dose of Triton X-100 (175 mg/kg BW) on day 1 and oral administration of YMbest at the dose of 55 mg/kg BW for 21 d	2·70d	0·12	20·02a	0·99	0·92b	0·05	61·66d	1·98	48·12a	2·73	41·36a	2·73
E7	Injected intraperitoneally with single dose of Triton X-100 (175 mg/kg BW) on day 1 and oral administration of SCbest at the dose of 550 mg/kg BW for 21 d	2·55c	0·16	19·00a	0·83	0·85c	0·04	40·23c	1·59	44·14a	4·56	40·05a	4·56
E8	Injected intraperitoneally with single dose of Triton X-100 (175 mg/kg BW) on day 1 and oral administration of SCbest at the dose of 175 mg/kg BW for 21 d	2·66d	0·08	21·02a	0·94	0·81c	0·03	51·44d	2·13	46·08a	6·32	42·85a	6·32
E9	Injected intraperitoneally with single dose of Triton X-100 (175 mg/kg BW) on day 1 and oral administration of SCbest at the dose of 55 mg/kg BW for 21 d	2·76c	0·19	20·00a	0·89	0·83c	0·05	63·04d	1·34	48·99a	2·18	42·77a	2·18

BUN, blood urea N; SGOT, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase; SGPT, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase; DMSO, dimethylsulfoxide; BW, body weight; YM_best, yellow mustard seed extract obtained at the optimum conditions of supercritical CO₂; SC_best, small cardamom seed extract obtained at the optimum conditions of supercritical CO₂.

^a,b,c,d Mean values within a column with unlike superscript letters were significantly different (P < 0·05; Duncan's multiple-range test).

^*To convert BUN from mg/dl to mmol/l, multiply by 0·357. To convert creatinine from mg/dl to μmol/l, multiply by 88·4. To convert urea from mg/dl to mmol/l, multiply by 0·1665.