Table 1.
Descriptive Characteristics of Observed Latent Classes
| Low-Average P-OUD
Rates |
Elevated P-OUD Rates |
Very High P-OUD Rates |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Qualitative Description | Class 1 Mentally Healthy | Class 2 Depressed | Class 3 Alcohol-Tobacco | Class 4 Alcohol-Tobacco-Cocaine | Class 5 Internalizing | Class 6 Bipolar | Class 7 Polysubstance/Elevated Psychopathology | Class 8 Polysubstance /Very High Psychopathology | Entropya |
| Lifetime Prevalence Rates | |||||||||
| Prescription Opioid Use Disorder | 0.1% | 1.1% | 2.7% | 7.3% | 4.2% | 7.7% | 74.0% | 28.3% | 0.44 |
| Alcohol Use Disorder | 12.0% | 25.1% | 76.0% | 85.0% | 45.9% | 67.1% | 88.0% | 89.9% | 0.50 |
| Tobacco Use Disorder | 11.9% | 25.1% | 69.3% | 81.2% | 50.3% | 59.7% | 86.7% | 85.5% | 0.48 |
| Cannabis Use Disorder | 0.3% | 1.4% | 20.2% | 37.3% | 12.5% | 19.5% | 66.7% | 33.1% | 0.46 |
| Cocaine Use Disorder | 0.0% | 0.0% | 5.9% | 16.4% | 1.4% | 8.0% | 58.2% | 23.3% | 0.44 |
| Heroin Use Disorder | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.7% | 1.2% | 0.7% | 0.6% | 22.9% | 8.4% | 0.42 |
| Stimulant Use Disorder | 0.0% | 0.3% | 3.3% | 10.7% | 0.3% | 4.5% | 52.1% | 26.6% | 0.43 |
| Sedative Use Disorder | 0.0% | 0.4% | 0.8% | 2.9% | 2.9% | 2.0% | 54.7% | 18.3% | 0.43 |
| Antisocial Personality Disorder | 0.3% | 1.4% | 5.0% | 16.5% | 4.4% | 14.1% | 25.8% | 54.0% | 0.43 |
| Bipolar 1 Disorder | 0.3% | 0.0% | 1.7% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 100.0% | 10.9% | 57.1% | 0.45 |
| Major Depression Disorder | 7.2% | 56.0% | 18.8% | 68.0% | 71.7% | 0.0% | 43.5% | 25.5% | 0.48 |
| Generalized Anxiety Disorder | 0.6% | 23.1% | 2.2% | 34.5% | 50.7% | 36.7% | 16.3% | 82.3% | 0.46 |
| Social Phobia | 0.6% | 6.7% | 1.0% | 12.4% | 45.4% | 16.1% | 6.7% | 79.4% | 0.44 |
| Panic Disorder | 0.7% | 9.8% | 2.7% | 18.0% | 55.9% | 30.2% | 15.7% | 87.2% | 0.45 |
| Agoraphobia | 0.1% | 1.5% | 0.0% | 2.5% | 45.9% | 10.6% | 4.3% | 70.0% | 0.44 |
| Specific Phobia | 2.2% | 13.5% | 4.0% | 17.3% | 47.1% | 20.3% | 11.1% | 59.6% | 0.44 |
| Postraumatic Stress Disorder | 0.4% | 15.0% | 1.9% | 35.6% | 33.8% | 39.3% | 28.1% | 77.8% | 0.45 |
| % with P-OUD Who Have Ever Received Treatmentb | 4.7% | 22.9% | 34.7% | 8.9% | 38.2% | 35.0% | 37.2% | 29.9% | - |
| Model Estimated nc | 22056.11 | 5522.35 | 5456.41 | 1407.92 | 852.24 | 467.32 | 399.91 | 146.71 | - |
| Sample Proportion | 60.75% | 15.21% | 15.03% | 3.88% | 2.35% | 1.29% | 1.10% | 0.40% | - |
a
Variable-specific entropy
b
Because number of participants in each class reflect model-based estimates, the results are allowed to take on fractional values
c
Treatment targeted to P-OUD