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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2019 Sep 25;39(10):1896–1898. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.119.313174

Cartoon showing the crosstalk between PVAT and aorta.

Cartoon showing the crosstalk between PVAT and aorta.

1) SM22α+ precursors from PVAT and blood vessels contribute to PVAT adipogenesis; 2) PVAT-derived contracting or relaxing factors regulate blood vessel tone and homeostasis; 3) PVAT-derived inflammatory adipokines/cytokines promote macrophage infiltration; 4) PVAT-derived anti-inflammatory adipokines/cytokines maintain blood vessel homeostasis; 5) ADSCs in PVAT contribute to blood vessel remodeling; 6) PVAT “Browning”/”Whitening” characteristics affect PVAT-aorta crosstalk to promote homeostasis or disease, respectively.