Table 1.
Characteristics of participants (mean ± standard deviation)
| Healthy participants (n = 80) | ADHD-OFF (n = 53) | ADHD-ON (n = 31) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 34.2 ± 11.4 | 35.0 ± 10.7 | 33.9 ± 9.6 |
| Gender (male/female) | 41/39 | 27/26 | 19/12 |
| Intellectual Functions (IQ)a | 103.9 ± 11.7 | 101.3 ± 11.5 | 105.9 ± 12.3 |
| ASRS | 8.3 ± 5.7* | 34.0 ± 8.2* | 28.9 ± 11.2* |
| WURS-K | 11.5 ± 8.7* | 46.0 ± 12.8* | 45.8 ± 11.7* |
| ADHD subtypeb | – | 64/28/2/6 | 71/23/3/3 |
| Comorbiditiesc | – | 28/8/4/2/2/0/0/0/0 | 32/6/6/3/0/3/3/6/3 |
ADHD-OFF patients with ADHD not treated with methylphenidate, ADHD-ON patients with ADHD treated with methylphenidate, ASRS ADHD self-rating scale, WURS-K Wender-Utah rating scale, short form
*Group comparisons comparing patients with controls, statistically significant at p < .001
aMultiple Choice Vocabulary Test (MWT-B)
bIn %, i.e. combined/inattentive/hyperactive/unknown
cIn %, i.e. mood disorders/personality disorders/anxiety disorders/addiction disorders/eating disorders/post-traumatic stress disorders/obsessive compulsive disorders/somatoform disorders/narcolepsy