Fig. 3. Inhibition of PFKFB3 leads to increased macropinocytosis.
a Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed a dose-dependent increase in vacuolization in MPM cells after PFK158 treatment (0–10 μM) in H28 and EMMeso cells. b Phase contrast microscopic and c, d TEM pictures of increased vacuoles in PFKFB3 knockdown clones (sh55 and sh59) in comparison to non-targeted control (NTC). e and f Augmented macropinocytosis visualized by Dextran-10K uptake after PFK158 treatment both in H28 and Meso. g PFKFB3 knockdown H28 clones also demonstrated extensive macropinocytosis by Dextran-10K uptake