Fig. 3.

Insulin and IGF-1 signaling in WT, SMIRKO, or SMIGF1RKO VSMCs. a Starved VSMCs were stimulated with different dose of insulin for 15 min (For pIR/IR, n = 3 for each group; for pAkt/Akt and pErk/Erk, n = 5 for each group at 0 nM; n = 4 for each group at 1, 10, and 100 nM. ^#p < 0.05, vs. WT stimulated with 10 nM inslulin; ⁺p < 0.05, ^+ +p < 0.01 vs. WT stimulated with 100 nM insulin). b Starved VSMCs were stimulated with different dose of IGF-1 for 15 min (For pIR/IR, n = 7 for each group; for pAkt/Akt, n = 4 for each group and for pErk/Erk, n = 3 for each group, ⁺p < 0.05, ^+ +p < 0.01 vs. WT stimulated with 100 nM IGF-1). The data are mean ± SEM. Two-tailed t test or two-way ANOVA with a post hoc test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file