FIG. 5.
Endosome regulators are both vascular protective and vascular disruptive. (a) Pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells were transiently transfected with dominant active Rab4 (Rab4Q67L), dominant negative Rab9 (Rab9S21N), Rab7 (Rab7T22N) constructs, or a GFP vector control, and they were exposed to LPS for 6 h. (a), (i) whole-cell ELISA was used to assess the cell-surface expression of the adherens junction protein, VE-cadherin and (ii) electric cell impedance system was used to measure the permeability as the drop in endothelial monolayer resistance. n = 6, *p < 0.05 versus vehicle for LPS [adapted from Chichger et al. (11)]. (b) A schematic figure representing the key vascular protective and vascular disruptive endosomal regulators. Arf, ADP-ribosylation factor; CLIC4, chloride intracellular channel 4; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Hrs, hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; VE, vascular endothelial.