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. 2019 Sep 6;12(9):dmm040386. doi: 10.1242/dmm.040386

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

Important challenges in understanding the biology of GBM. GBM stem cells exist in various states (dormant/quiescent, activated/quiescent or proliferative) that are influenced by diverse tumour microenvironments (TMEs). Complex niches, immune interactions and physical forces/mechanosignalling are all poorly understood areas of GBM biology. How these influence tumour cell signalling circuits and the subsequent transcriptional and epigenetic changes in GSC fate is an area of active research. Targeting both the quiescent and proliferative tumour populations will be vital for any successful therapeutic strategy.