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SERS nanosensors measure IRP. (A) Schematic showing the change in structure associated with oxidation/reduction. (B) Spectrum of the oxidized (red) and reduced (black) form of the nanosensor. (C) Intracellular redox potentials measured in MCF7 vs. pO2. Error bars represent the SD of 3 independent measurements. Lowercase letters as labels signify a P value < 0.05 for a paired t test vs. 21% (A), 4% (B), 3% (C), and 2% (D).
