Figure 1.
E-particle (EP) design and implantation. (A) The EP is a wireless neurostimulator with a terminal platinum wire to penetrate the neural tissue. A coil (L) is used for inductive power, a capacitor (Cres) to tune the coil to 10.7 MHz, a diode (D) to rectify the received signals, a capacitor (Cshunt) to enhance rectification, and two electrodes (adapted from Freeman et al (2017)). A roughened platinum disc electrode is used as the anode, and a roughened platinum wire is used as the cathode. (B) The injector tool for EP implantation is used by loading the EP into the loading sleeve, and the injector pin is inserted and attached to complete the lever assembly (left). An assembled introducer attached to a stereotaxic cannula holder arm is illustrated on the right. The injector is lowered into the brain, and the lever is pressed to release the EP into the target brain tissue. (C) This diagram illustrates how each animal was implanted with a Plastics One electrode into the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) on one side of the brain and the EP on the other side of the brain.