Table 7.
Relevant qualitative studies and their contributions to understanding health inequalities among people of African descent in the Americas.
| Ref. Num. | Author | Country | Study Design | Quality of Evidence | Study Contribution |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [19] | Hoffmann, O. 2007 | Mexico | Qualitative study on racial identities at the local level. | Moderate | Ethnic-racial identities and the concept of “place and effect”. |
| [21] | Lara Millán, G. 2017 | Mexico | Characterization of the Afro-Mexican population on the basis of territorial, identity-related, and cultural variables. | Moderate | Social and community strategies against discrimination. |
| [22] | Barbary, O. et al., 2008 | Colombia | Survey on career paths and ethnicity. | Robust | Social and labor-related ethnic inequalities as they pertain to labor mobility. |
| [23] | Rojas Pedemonte, N. et al., 2015. | Chile | Qualitative ethnographic study. | Limited | Migration of Afro-Haitians. |
| [34] | Kaiser, K. et al., 2013 | USA | Survey and focus groups with Black women. | Robust | Inequalities in cancer mortality among Black women. |
| [41] | Jiménez-Benítez, A. et al., 2010. | Latin America | Analysis of the social and ethnic dimensions of malnutrition. | Limited | Participatory public policies and ethnicity in nutritional health. |
| [44] | Faustino DM. 2012 | Brazil | Analysis of the implementation of public policies for people of African descent. | Robust | Evaluation of public policies pertaining to health and ethnicity. |
| [45] | Batista, L.E. et al., 2013. | Brazil | Analysis of the implementation of public policies for people of African descent. | Moderate | Implementation of health-related public policies and the Black population. |
| [46] | Flores Dávila, J.I. 2006 | Mexico | Qualitative mixed-methods study. | Robust | Afro-descendant territories and communities. |
| [48] | González-Acosta, A. 2009 | Colombia | Analysis of public policies in ethnicity and health. | Robust | Public policies, human rights, and ethnic groups. |
| [53] | Torres-Parodi, C. et al., 2007 | USA | Periodization of international instruments. | Limited | International instruments against racism, discrimination and inequality. |
| [56] | Torres-Parodi, C. et al., 2009 | USA | Analysis of ideologies and social representations about racism. | Limited | African-Americans as historical and collective subjects. |
| [58] | Alfonso León, A.C. 2010 | Cuba | Qualitative study on risk factors and skin color. | Moderate | Risk factors in health and cultural behaviors. |
| [59] | OAS, 2011 | USA | Questionnaire sent to Member States and civil society organizations. | Moderate | Social, economic, and cultural rights of people of African descent. |
| [62] | Cárdenas, J.C. 2012 | Colombia | Census review to identify the statistical visibility of the Afro-Colombian population. | Robust | Statistical invisibility in health and African descent. |
| [63] | Martins Soares Filho, A. 2012 | Brazil | Risk and protective factors for chronic non-communicable diseases. | Moderate | Availability of racial data and ethnic/racial inequalities. |
| [64] | Assis BrasilAlves Bomfi, L. 2012 | Brazil | Desk review. | Moderate | Public health policies for the Black population. |
| [66] | Quiñones Sánchez, L. et al., 2014 | Colombia | Interviews with focus groups and traditional midwives. | Limited | Traditional medicine and midwifery in Afro-descendant communities. |
Source: Own work.