Table 2.
Relationship between subjective health complaints, healthy behaviors, and healthy lifestyle computed variable and adolescents age groups.
| Boys (n = 805,58) | Girls (n = 864,63) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10–12 years (260,52) |
13–14 years (285,65) |
15–16 years (259,41) |
p | 10–12 years (279,43) |
13–14 years (281,55) |
15-16 years (864,63) |
p | |
| Health symptoms 1, a | ||||||||
| Headache | 11.9 (10.8, 13.0) | 12.1 (11.0, 13.2) | 12.1 (11.0, 13.3) | 0.719 | 16.5 (15.4, 17.6) | 22.5 (21.5, 23.5) | 29.5 (28.6, 30.5) | <0.001 |
| Stomach ache | 8.3 (7.1, 9.5) | 7.3 (6.2, 8.5) | 6.5 (5.3, 7.7) | <0.001 | 13.3 (12.2, 14.3) | 14.1 (13.0, 15.1) | 15.5 (14.4, 16.6) | <0.001 |
| Backache | 8.5 (7.3, 9.7) | 10.8 (9.7, 11.9) | 12.9 (11.7, 14.0) | <0.001 | 10.6 (9.5, 11.7) | 15.7 (14.7, 16.7) | 20.7 (20.0, 22.1) | <0.001 |
| Dizziness | 7.2 (6.0, 8.4) | 7.7 (6.6, 8.8) | 8.2 (7.0, 9.3) | <0.001 | 9.2 (8.0, 10.3) | 13.7 (12.6, 14.7) | 16.2 (15.1, 17.3) | <0.001 |
| Feeling low | 10.9 (9.8, 12.1) | 11.0 (9.9, 12.1) | 13.4 (12.3, 14.5) | <0.001 | 15.2 (8.0, 10.3) | 24.1 (12.6, 14.7) | 30.1 (15.1, 17.3) | <0.001 |
| Irritability | 15.6 (–1.2, 1.2) | 17.8 (16.8, 18.9) | 19.8 (18.7, 20.9) | <0.001 | 18.6 (17.6, 19.7) | 28.6 (27.7, 29.6) | 35.2 (34.3, 36.2) | <0.001 |
| Nervousness | 15.2 (14.1, 16.3) | 17.0 (15.9, 18.0) | 18.9 (17.8, 20.0) | <0.001 | 18.3 (17.3, 19.4) | 28.3 (27.4, 29.3) | 34.2 (33.2, 35.1) | <0.001 |
| Difficulties sleeping | 18.4 (17.3, 19.5) | 17.6 (16.6, 18.7) | 18.2 (17.1, 19.3) | 0.056 | 21.0 (19.9, 22.0) | 25.5 (24.6, 26.5) | 28.6 (27.6, 29.6) | <0.001 |
| Multiple complaints 1, a | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||
| Less than 1 complaint | 76.5 (75.9, 77.1) | 75.0 (74.4, 75.6) | 72.7 (72.0, 73.3) | 69.2 (68.6, 69.9) | 58.0 (57.3, 58.8) | 49.8 (49.0, 50.7) | ||
| ≥2 complaints | 23.5 (22.4, 24.5) | 25.0 (24.0, 26.0) | 27.3 (26.3, 28.4) | 30.8 (29.8, 31.7) | 42.0 (41.1, 42.8) | 50.2 (49.3, 51.0) | ||
| Somatic symptoms b | 8.7 (8.6, 8.7) | 9.1 (9.0, 9.1) | 9.4 (9.3, 9.4) | <0.001 | 9.5 (9.5, 9.6) | 10.9 (10.9, 11.0) | 12.1 (12.1, 12.2) | <0.001 |
| Psychological symptoms b | 8.7 (8.6, 8.8) | 9.1 (9.0, 9.1) | 9.4 (9.3, 9.4) | <0.001 | 9.3 (9.3, 9.4) | 11.1 (11.0, 11.1) | 12.3 (12.2, 13.3) | <0.001 |
| Psychosomatic symptoms b | 8.5 (8.5, 8.6) | 9.0 (8.9, 9.0) | 9.4 (9.4, 9.5) | <0.001 | 9.3 (9.3, 9.4) | 11.1 (11.1, 11.2) | 12.4 (12.4, 12.5) | <0.001 |
| Physical activity (daily) b | 29.2 (28.1, 30.2) | 24.0 (23.0, 25.0) | 20.4 (19.3, 21.4) | <0.001 | 20.0 (18.9, 21.0) | 14.6 (13.6, 15.7) | 10.6 (9.5, 11.7) | <0.001 |
| Screen-based behaviors (≤2 hours/day)a | 33.0 (32.0, 34.0) | 20.3 (19.3, 21.3) | 15.9 (14.8, 17.0) | <0.001 | 44.2 (43.3, 45.0) | 24.9 (23.9, 25.8) | 19.4 (18.3, 20.4) | <0.001 |
| Fruit and vegetables (daily) a | 23.9 (22.8, 25.0) | 19.6 (18.6, 20.7) | 18.3 (17.2, 19.4) | <0.001 | 29.1 (28.1, 30.1) | 24.8 (23.8, 25.8) | 24.5 (23.5, 25.5) | <0.001 |
| Drink alcohol (do not drink) a | 74.5 (73.8, 75.1) | 60.5 (59.8, 61.3) | 37.2 (36.2, 38.1) | <0.001 | 84.9 (84.4, 85.3) | 67.2 (66.5, 67.8) | 41.0 (40.1, 41.9) | <0.001 |
| Smoking (do not smoke) a | 98.0 (97.9, 98.2) | 94.2 (93.9, 94.5) | 84.0 (83.5, 84.5) | <0.001 | 98.9 (98.8, 99.0) | 94.0 (93.7, 94.3) | 83.5 (83.0, 83.9) | <0.001 |
| Healthy lifestyle (5 healthy behaviors) a | 3.2 (2.0, 4.4) | 1.3 (0.2, 2.5) | 0.7 (–0.5, 2.0) | <0.001 | 3.8 (2.6, 4.9) | 1.5 (0.4, 2.6) | 0.7 (–0.5, 1.8) | <0.001 |
| Health lifestyle score b | 2.6 (2.6, 2.6) | 2.2 (2.2, 2.2) | 1.8 (1.7, 1.8) | <0.001 | 2.8 (2.8, 2.8) | 2.3 (2.2, 2.3) | 1.8 (1.8, 1.8) | <0.001 |
Abbreviation: M, mean; SD, standard deviation; FAS, family affluence scale. 1 Health symptoms and multiple health complaints were more than once a week. Differences were tested by Qui-square and ANOVA. a % (95% CI). b Mean (95% CI).