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. 2019 Sep 14;16(18):3422. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16183422

Table 3.

Comparison of blood-borne markers based on the vitamin D status.

Vitamin D Status η2p
Deficient Insufficient Adequate
FT (pmol/L)
(95% CI)
48.3 ± 15.03
(38.2, 58.5)
43.5 ± 11.40
(39.4, 47.7)
41.0 ± 9.08
(34.4, 47.5)
0.03
Cortisol (μg/dL)
(95% CI)
10.7 ± 3.04
(8.8, 12.6)
8.9 ± 2.19
(8.1, 9.7)
9.1 ± 1.39
(7.9, 10.3)
0.06
CK (U/L)
(95% CI)
397.8 ± 325.46
(196.8, 598.8)
375.9 ± 210.93
(293.9, 457.9)
326.1 ± 207.54
(196.4, 455.8)
0.01
Urea (mg/dL)
(95% CI)
26.1 ± 7.47
(19.7, 32.5)
30.7 ± 7.72
(28.0, 33.3)
33.1 ± 5.07
(28.9, 37.2)
0.07

Values are mean ± standard deviation. Note: FT; Free testosterone, CK; Creatine Kinase, 95% CI; 95% confidence interval, η2p; partial eta squared.