Table 1.
Sociodemographic characteristics of participants (n = 283) enrolled in a cross-section study to assess nutrient intakes of Jordanian pregnant women.
| Variables | Pregnancy Trimesters | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| First (n = 50) |
Second (n = 96) |
Third (n = 137) |
|
| Mean ± SD | |||
| Maternal age (year) | 29.7 ± 5.2 | 30.0 ± 5.2 | 29.3 ± 5.1 |
| Monthly income (Jordanian Dinars) | 612.1 ± 300.2 | 637.4 ± 312.4 | 557.3 ± 350.1 |
| Gestational weeks | 9.0 ± 3.1 | 20.0 ± 3.7 | 30.0 ± 3.2 |
| Body weight (kg) at enrollment | 66.4 ± 12.5 | 68.2 ± 12.0 | 75.7 ± 13.3 |
| Pre-pregnancy weight (kg) | 65.1 ± 13.7 | 63.1 ± 11.1 | 64.1 ± 10.6 |
| Height (m) | 1.6 ± 0.07 | 1.6 ± 0.06 | 1.6 ± 0.05 |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | 24.9 ± 4.6 | 24.1 ± 3.9 | 24.5 ± 3.8 |
| BMI (kg/m²) at enrollment | 24.7.0 ± 4.1 | 26.1.0 ± 4.4 | 28.1.0 ± 3.7 |
| Physical activity level (minutes of moderate and vigorous activity/day) |
58.9 ± 10.8 | 67.7 ± 8.5 | 56.3 ± 4.7 |
| n (%) | |||
| Pre-pregnancy BMI category | |||
| Under weight (<18.5 kg/m²) | 3.0 (6.3%) | 5.0 (5.2%) | 4.0 (2.9%) |
| Normal (18.5–24.9 kg/m²) | 24.0 (50%) | 59.0 (61.5%) | 79.0 (58.1%) |
| Overweight (25–29.9 kg/m²) | 16.0 (33.3%) | 27.0 (28.1%) | 36.0 (26.5%) |
| Obese (>30 kg/m²) | 5.0 (10.4%) | 5.0 (5.2%) | 17.0 (12.5%) |
| Education level | |||
| Illiterate | 0 (0%) | 1.0 (1%) | 1.0 (0.7%) |
| Primary | 5.0 (10%) | 3.0 (3.1%) | 14.0 (10.2%) |
| High school Degree | 11.0 (22.0%) | 16.0 (16.7%) | 35.0 (25.5%) |
| Diploma and above | 34.0 (68%) | 76.0 (79.2%) | 87.0 (63.6%) |
| Smoking during pregnancy | 1.0 (2%) | 1.0 (1%) | 0 (0%) |
n: number of participants; SD: standard deviation. Body mass index (BMI) categories according to WHO classification [10].