Table 1.

Studies that have analyzed obesity as a pediatric OSA risk factor.

Study	Year	Type of Study	Patients Number	Age	Parameters Evaluated	Conclusions
Arens R et al. [18]	2018	Case-control study	44	12.5 ± 2.8	Anatomical findings in obese children affected by OSAS compared to the ones in obese children	Significant upper airway lymphoid hypertrophy in obese children with OSAS. Larger parapharyngeal fat in obese children with OSAS but not a direct association with severity of OSAS or with obesity
Su M. et al. [21]	2016	Epidemiological study	5930	3–11	Age and sex;	No positive correlation between OSA and BMI
					AHI;
					Arousal index;
					BMI;
					Mallampati;
					AT hypertrophy;
					Nocturnal/daytime symptoms
Xu Z. et al. [26]	2008	Case-control Study	198	10.3 ± 2.1	Age and sex;	Positive relation between OSAS and degree of obesity
					BMI;
					Waist circumference;
					Neck circumference;
					Waist-to-Height Ratio;
					Symptoms;
					AHI, Obstructive Apnea Index, Central Apnea, MinSaO2;
					AT hypertrophy
Andersen I.G. et al. [30]	2019	Longitudinal study	62	13.4 ± 3.1	Age and sex;	AHI normalization in 44% of patients and positive correlation between BMI and AHI parameters
					BMI;
					AT hypertrophy;
					AHI;
					Sleep time (hours);
					ODI