Table 1.
General characteristics of the participants and score of CVRS (n = 181).
| Variables | Categories | n (%) | CVRS | Vitality | Relaxation | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M (SD) | t/F | M (SD) | Z/H | M (SD) | Z/H | |||
| (p) | (p) | (p) | ||||||
| Type of institution | School | 147 (81.2) | 38.44 (8.79) | 1.64 (0.102) | 21.05 (5.40) | −0.64 (0.523) | 17.39 (4.80) | −2.27 (0.023) |
| Community center | 34 (18.8) | 35.65 (9.43) | 20.32 (5.99) | 15.32 (4.86) | ||||
| Sub-total | 37.91 (8.95) | 20.91 (5.51) | 17.00 (4.87) | |||||
| Gender | Female | 84 (46.4) | 36.08 (9.17) | 2.60 (0.010) | 19.82 (5.63) | −2.53 (0.011) | 16.26 (5.09) | −2.21 (0.027) |
| Male | 97 (53.6) | 39.49 (8.50) | 21.86 (5.24) | 17.64 (4.60) | ||||
| Sub-total | 37.91 (8.95) | 20.91 (5.51) | 17.00 (4.87) | |||||
| Grade | 4th | 39 (21.5) | 41.79 (7.32) | 4.88 (0.009) | 23.64 (4.24) | 12.82 (0.002) | 18.15 (4.73) | 4.01 (0.135) |
| 5th | 77 (42.5) | 36.92 (9.46) | 20.49 (5.71) | 16.43 (5.21) | ||||
| 6th | 65 (35.9) | 36.75 (8.70) | 19.77 (5.50) | 16.98 (4.46) | ||||
| Sub-total | 37.91 (8.95) | 20.91 (5.51) | 17.00 (4.87) | |||||
| Family structure | With parent | 163 (90.1) | 38.21 (8.87) | −1.30 (0.194) | 21.07 (5.40) | −1.08 (0.279) | 17.13 (4.89) | −1.02 (0.308) |
| Without both parents | 18 (9.9) | 35.22 (9.53) | 19.44 (6.40) | 15.78 (4.60) | ||||
| Sub-total | 37.91 (8.95) | 20.91 (5.51) | 17.00 (4.87) | |||||
| Perceived economic status | High | 99 (54.7) | 40.10 (9.00) | −3.74 (<0.001) | 22.35 (5.25) | −4.04 (<0.001) | 17.75 (5.17) | −2.28 (0.023) |
| Middle and low | 82 (45.3) | 35.27 (8.20) | 19.17 (5.34) | 16.10 (4.33) | ||||
| Sub-total | 37.91 (8.95) | 20.91 (5.51) | 17.00 (4.87) | |||||
| Perceived academic status | High | 97 (53.6) | 41.34 (7.69) | 19.63 (<0.001) | 22.65 (4.65) | 20.01 (<0.001) | 18.69 (4.54) | 27.28 (<0.001) |
| Moderate | 68 (37.6) | 34.60 (8.51) | 18.99 (5.61) | 15.62 (4.29) | ||||
| Low | 16 (8.8) | 31.19 (9.27) | 18.56 (6.53) | 12.62 (4.77) | ||||
| Sub-total | 37.91 (8.95) | 20.91 (5.51) | 17.00 (4.87) | |||||
CVRS: Child Vitality-Relaxation Scale.