Table 1.
Anthropometric indices and physical activity level in preschoolers with results of the linear mixed model.
| Sex | MD | ANOVA | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boys | Girls | L/A-MD | H-MD | Sex | MD | Sex x MD | |
| F (p) | F (p) | F (p) | |||||
| BMI (kg/m2) * | 15.90 ± 2.14 | 15.91 ± 2.19 | 15.91 ± 2.63 | 15.89 ± 1.94 | 0.01 (0.99) |
0.05 (0.84) |
0.93 (0.51) |
| BMI-Z (z-score) * | −0.04 ± 0.99 | 0.14 ± 0.98 | 0.04 ± 1.20 | 0.05 ± 0.88 | 3.77 (0.79) |
0.05 (0.84) |
0.98 (0.51) |
| WHR (ratio) * | 0.88 ± 0.05 | 0.87 ± 0.05 | 0.88 ± 0.05 | 0.87 ± 0.05 | 3.57 (0.22) |
0.08 (0.79) |
0.02 (0.89) |
| WC (cm) * | 57.25 ± 7.39 | 57.15 ± 5.69 | 58.47 ± 6.09 | 56.67 ± 6.74 | 3.01 (0.30) | 3.93 (0.22) |
1.37 (0.46) |
| L1 (score) ¥ | 1.0 (0.5–1.5) |
1.2 (0.5–1.67) |
1.1 (0.67–1.5) |
1.0 (0.5–1.5) |
0.07 (0.81) | 22.23 (0.03) |
1.01 (0.41) |
| L2 (score) ¥ | 0.67 (0.33–1.17) |
0.5 (0.25–1.08) |
0.67 (0.33–1.17) |
0.67 (0.33–1.17) |
9.01 (0.16) |
1.41 (0.42) |
0.03 (0.87) |
| L1+L2 (score) ¥ | 1.83 (1.17–2.67) |
1.67 (1.17–2.5) |
1.83 (1.33–2.67) |
1.67 (1.17–2.5) |
0.12 (0.76) |
3.05 (0.34) |
0.46 (0.56) |
| L3 (score) ¥ | 0.83 (0.5–1.25) |
0.83 (0.67–1.33) |
0.75 (0.5–1.33) |
0.83 (0.67–1.33) |
1.06 (0.57) |
1.13 (0.40) |
0.08 (0.81) |
| L4 (score) ¥ | 0.83 (0.33–1.25) |
0.83 (0.33–1.33) |
0.83 (0.33–1.33) |
0.83 (0.33–1.17) |
0.66 (0.57) |
0.03 (0.87) |
1.38 (0.49) |
| L5 (score) ¥ | 0.27 (0–0.67) |
0.0 (0–0.33) |
0.17 (0–0.67) |
0.17 (0–0.33) |
1.46 (0.36) |
0.27 (0.67) |
0.31 (0.64) |
BMI: body mass index, BMI-Z: body mass index standardized according to Croatian normative values for age and sex, WHR—waist to hip ratio, WC—waist circumference, L1 to L5—physical activity levels obtained by Preschool-age Children’s Physical Activity Questionnaire (L1—stationary with no movement, L2—stationary with limb or trunk movement, L3—slow activity, L4—medium activity, L5—fast-paced activity), * denotes variables with Means ± Standard Deviations reported; ¥ variables with Medians (25th–75th Percentile) reported, MD—Mediterranean diet, L/A-MD—low and average MD adherence, H/MD—high MD adherence.