Table 1.
Body mass index, blood pressure, heart rate, and biochemical parameters of the human study population.
| Parameter | Before HS diet | After HS diet | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| n (F/M) | 36 (20/16) | ||
| Age (years) | 20.31 ± 1.43 | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.2 ± 2.62 | 23.5 ± 2.59 | 0.061 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 113.8 ± 11.1 | 116.5 ± 14.0 | 0.199 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 72.0 ± 7.98 | 70.9 ± 8.06 | 0.382 |
| MAP (mmHg) | 86.0 ± 7.52 | 85.8 ± 8.81 | 0.938 |
| HR (beats per minute) | 77.0 ± 15.4 | 75.4 ± 12.9 | 0.654 |
| 24 h urine volume (ml) | 1541.3 ± 525.5 | 1459 ± 616.7 | 0.779 |
| 24 h urine creatinine (μmol/24 h/kg) | 186.2 ± 58.6 | 172.1 ± 52.8 | 0.088 |
| 24 h urine urea (mmol/dU) | 286.9 ± 140.8 | 282.0 ± 109.4 | 0.301 |
| 24 h urine potassium (mmol/dU) | 46.4 ± 19.1 | 50.1 ± 21.9 | 0.270 |
| 24 h urine sodium (mmol/dU) | 111.6 ± 45.3 | 234.1 ± 92.4 | <0.001 ∗ |
| Calculated daily salt intake (g/day) | 6.52 ± 2.64 | 13.7 ± 5.40 | <0.001 ∗ |
| Serum sodium (mmol/l) | 136.7 ± 2.9 | 138.1 ± 3.0 | 0.027 |
| Serum potassium (mmol/l) | 4.08 ± 0.32 | 4.10 ± 0.30 | 0.743 |
| Serum calcium (mmol/l) | 2.42 ± 0.08 | 2.39 ± 0.06 | 0.123 |
| Serum urea (mmol/l) | 3.97 ± 1.39 | 4.21 ± 1.12 | 0.112 |
| Serum creatinine (mmol/l) | 72.4 ± 17.2 | 70.5 ± 16.6 | 0.113 |
Results are expressed as mean ± SD. n: number of subjects; BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; MAP: mean arterial pressure; HR: heart rate. ∗p < 0.05 before vs. after HS diet.