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. 2019 Sep 12;12(18):2970. doi: 10.3390/ma12182970

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Schematic of rod rolling from scrap rail heads, with the dimension in mm: (a) rolling of a preform in a longitudinal mill; (b) rolling of a rod in a skew mill; (c) shapes of the blanks after the successive passes; 1,2—grooved rolls of the longitudinal mill; 3—rail head; 4,5—grooves forming a hexagonal pass; 6—blank with a nearly regular polygonal cross-section rolled in the longitudinal mill; 7,8—helical rolls; 9,10—helical wedge collars; 11,12—guides; 13—guiding sleeve; 14—discharge sleeve; 15—final rod product.