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. 2019 Sep 12;12(18):2970. doi: 10.3390/ma12182970

Table 1.

Geometric parameters and elongation coefficients for the successive stages of the rolling process.

Stage Rail Head Worn Rail Head Preform Rod
Cross-sectional area
S, mm2
3050 2800 2400 1635
Elongation coefficient
λ = S0/S1
- - 1.16 1.45