Figure 1.

Four different dimensions of ZnO nanostructures with their advantages. 0-D nanostructures provide large surface area. 1-D nanostructures possess stable and direct electron transport. 2-D nanostructures give specific planes for immobilization process for the simultaneous detection of different analytes. 3-D nanostructures have extra surface area (outer and inner area) to provide more sites for immobilization.