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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Appetite. 2019 Aug 6;143:104397. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.104397

Table 3.

Baseline values and estimated change in sub scores of Food Craving Inventory in the CR and AL groups at 12 and 24 months.

Outcome AL Mean (s.e.)a Within-Group P-valueb CR Mean (s.e)a Within-Group P-valueb Between-group Mean (s.e.) Between-group P-valueb Between-group ES
Food Craving Inventory
Carbohydrate Score
Baseline 1.67 (0.07) 1.65 (0.05) 0.51
ΔMonth 12 0.03 (0.06) 1.0 0.08 (0.04) 0.11 0.05 (0.07) 0.85 0.12
ΔMonth 24 0.03 (0.07) 1.0 0.02 (0.05) 1.0 −0.00 (0.08) 1.0 −0.01
Sweets Score
Baseline 1.91 (0.07) 1.87 (0.05) 0.59
ΔMonth 12 −0.01 (0.06) 1.0 0.12 (0.05) 0.03 0.12 (0.08) 0.22 0.23
ΔMonth 24 −0.06 (0.07) 0.71 0.09 (0.05) 0.17 0.15 (0.08) 0.13 0.27
Fats Score
Baseline 1.45 (0.05) 1.40 (0.04) 0.36
ΔMonth 12 0.04 (0.04) 0.68 −0.03 (0.03) 0.84 −0.07 (0.05) 0.39 −0.19
ΔMonth 24 0.02 (0.05) 1.0 −0.03 (0.04) 0.91 −0.04 (0.06) 0.91 −0.11
Fast Food Score
Baseline 2.00 (0.08) 2.00 (0.06) 0.92
ΔMonth 12 0.04 (0.06) 1.0 0.04 (0.05) 0.72 0.01 (0.08) 1.0 0.02
ΔMonth 24 0.02 (0.07) 1.0 0.02 (0.05) 1.0 −0.00(0.08) 1.0 −0.01
FCI Total Score
Baseline 1.72 (0.05) 1.69 (0.04) 0.48
ΔMonth 12 0.02 (0.04) 1.0 0.06 (0.03) 1.0 0.03 (0.05) 1.0 0.10
ΔMonth 24 −0.00 (0.05) 1.0 0.03 (0.04) 1.0 0.03 (0.06) 1.0 0.07

Abbreviations: AL, ad libitum; CR, calorie restriction.

a

Baseline values are observed mean ± SE. Estimated change in outcome measures were determined through an ITT approach to determine whether change on the outcome variables differed between groups.

b

P-values reflect Bonferroni correction.

*

significant between-group difference between ad libitum and calorie restriction groups.