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. 2019 Jun 28;110(4):862–872. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz120

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Copyright © American Society for Nutrition 2019.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Plasma branched-chain amino acids (BCAA; A), essential amino acid (EAA; B), nonessential amino acid (NEAA-glutamine; C), and total amino acid (TAA-glutamine; D) concentrations over time after the ingestion of 30 g milk protein (MILK; n = 15), 6 g BCAA (n = 15), or 6 g branched-chain ketoacids (BCKA; n = 15) in healthy older males. The dotted line represents the ingestion of the drink. Values represent means + SEM. Data were analyzed with repeated measures (time × treatment group) ANOVA and separate analyses were performed when a significant interaction was detected. Bonferroni post hoc testing was used to detect differences between groups. Time × treatment interaction, P < 0.001. a, MILK significantly different (P < 0.05) from BCKA; b, MILK significantly different (P < 0.05) from BCAA; c, BCAA significantly different (P < 0.05) from BCKA.