Table 1.
Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for dog breeds at high and low risk of forming calcium oxalate (CaOx) uroliths (n = 124 285) compared to three groups: non‐CaOx uroliths (n = 134 613), hospital admissions (n = 35 658), and a breed survey (n = 12 003)
| Breed groups | CaOx versus non‐CaOx urolith forming dogs | CaOx versus hospital admissions | CaOx versus breed survey |
|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
| High‐risk breedsa | |||
| Bichon Frise | 1.06 (1.03‐1.10) | 4.82 (4.42‐5.27) | 12.03 (10.24‐16.26) |
| Brussels Griffon | 3.10 (2.61‐3.70) | 3.82 (2.73‐5.34) | 3.67 (2.11‐6.37) |
| Cairn Terrier | 3.24 (2.89‐3.65) | 2.16 (1.82‐2.56) | 2.90 (2.10‐4.02) |
| Chihuahua | 2.19 (2.15‐2.36) | 2.70 (2.49‐2.94) | 1.15 (1.05‐1.27) |
| Jack Russell | 2.06 (1.96‐2.22) | 2.01 (1.80‐2.25) | 2.01 (1.71‐2.40) |
| Japanese Chin | 1.34 (1.16‐1.54) | 3.46 (2.46‐4.87) | 3.02 (1.77‐5.15) |
| Lhasa Apso | 2.65 (2.54‐2.87) | 5.29 (4.60‐6.10) | 8.83 (6.69‐12.31) |
| Maltese | 2.80 (2.71‐3.03) | 3.29 (2.96‐3.65) | 5.34 (4.42‐6.85) |
| MN Pinscher | 3.41 (3.07‐3.84) | 1.62 (1.40‐1.86) | 1.58 (1.25‐1.99) |
| MN Schnauzer | 2.03 (1.97‐2.08) | 8.20 (7.56‐8.89) | 12.00 (11.76‐16.36) |
| Pomeranian | 3.31 (3.25‐3.61) | 4.56 (4.10‐5.08) | 4.27 (3.60‐5.07) |
| Yorkshire Terrier | 2.06 (2.09‐2.23) | 3.60 (3.36‐3.86) | 4.46 (4.23‐5.46) |
| Low‐risk breedsa | |||
| American Bulldog | 0.10 (0.07‐0.14) | 0.06 (0.04‐0.09) | 0.03 (0.02‐0.04) |
| American Staffordshire | 0.37 (0.27‐0.49) | 0.04 (0.03‐0.06) | 0.06 (0.04‐0.08) |
| Australian Cattle Dog | 0.24 (0.18‐0.31) | 0.15 (0.11‐0.21) | 0.06 (0.04‐0.08) |
| Australian Shepherd | 0.48 (0.41‐0.54) | 0.20 (0.17‐0.23) | 0.22 (0.17‐0.26) |
| Basset Hound | 0.46 (0.40‐0.52) | 0.32 (0.27‐0.38) | 0.53 (0.39‐0.69) |
| Beagle | 0.47 (0.43‐0.51) | 0.32 (0.29‐0.55) | 0.41 (0.34‐0.47) |
| Border Collie | 0.25 (0.20‐0.30) | 0.05 (0.04‐0.07) | 0.32 (0.21‐0.47) |
| Boxer | 0.27 (0.23‐0.32) | 0.06 (0.05‐0.07) | 0.06 (0.05‐0.06) |
| Chow Chow | 0.38 (0.30‐0.48) | 0.30 (0.22‐0.41) | 0.21 (0.14‐0.29) |
| French Bulldog | 0.42 (0.35‐0.49) | 0.19 (0.16‐0.23) | 0.32 (0.23‐0.40) |
| German Shepherd | 0.27 (0.22‐0.32) | 0.02 (0.01‐0.02) | 0.028 (0.023‐0.034) |
| Golden Retriever | 0.22 (0.18‐0.25) | 0.02 (0.02‐0.02) | 0.08 (0.06‐0.09) |
| Labrador Retriever | 0.14 (0.12‐0.15) | 0.01 (0.01‐0.02) | 0.067 (0.059‐0.076) |
| Siberian Husky | 0.55 (0.46‐0.65) | 0.16 (0.13‐0.19) | 0.12 (0.09‐0.15) |
a
Only breeds in which the direction of association was statistically significant (P value <.05) in all three comparisons were reported.